ASIC Information Sheet 225 – Digital assets: financial products and services

Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Amendment Act 2024

Australia's AML/CTF Amendment Act 2024 modernises the AML/CTF framework and expands the covered services perimeter to additional virtual-asset activities. Major Tranche 2 changes, including new reporting-entity categories, commenced in 2026. Royal Assent was granted on 10 December 2024; commencement is staged by schedule and must not be represented by a single effective date.

Australia VASP AML/CTF Regime

AML/CTF virtual asset service provider registration regime

Expands and modernises AML/CTF coverage for virtual-asset service providers.

Decision No. E/35/2023 — VASP Registration and AML/CFT Instructions

Decision No. E/35/2023 on Virtual Asset Service Provider Registration, Cancellation of Registration and AML/CFT Instructions

Oman's FSA Decision No. E/35/2023 requires registration with the Oman Financial Services Authority (formerly Capital Market Authority) before carrying on covered virtual-asset activities in the Sultanate of Oman. It implements AML/CFT, governance and compliance requirements, and provides registration, cancellation and supervisory procedures. This is a VASP registration/AML regime and should be distinguished from any future full licensing framework.

BCB Resolutions No. 519, 520 and 521 of 2025 — Virtual Asset Regulatory Framework

Resoluções BCB nos. 519, 520 e 521, de 10 de novembro de 2025

Brazil's Central Bank (BCB) Resolutions No. 519, 520 and 521 of 10 November 2025 implement the virtual-asset regulatory framework under the supervision of the Central Bank. Resolution 519 establishes VASP authorisation procedures; Resolution 520 sets activity, governance, controls, security and conduct requirements; Resolution 521 integrates specified virtual-asset operations into Brazil's foreign-exchange and international-capital rules. Commencement is staged during 2026 — verify the effective date for each resolution separately.

FSB High-Level Recommendations for Crypto-Asset Activities and Markets (2023)

High-Level Recommendations for the Regulation, Supervision and Oversight of Crypto-Asset Activities and Markets — Final Report (July 2023)

The FSB's High-Level Recommendations for Crypto-Asset Activities and Markets (2023) set nine recommendations for consistent regulation, supervision and oversight of crypto-asset issuers, service providers, activities and markets. They cover regulatory powers, governance, risk management, data, disclosures and cross-border cooperation. A separate revised set addresses global stablecoin arrangements. FSB recommendations are not self-executing domestic law.

IOSCO Policy Recommendations for Crypto and Digital Asset Markets (2023)

Policy Recommendations for Crypto and Digital Asset Markets — Final Report (FR11/2023)

The IOSCO Policy Recommendations for Crypto and Digital Asset Markets (2023) contain 18 recommendations grounded in the principle of consistent regulation of economically equivalent activities. They address conflicts of interest, market manipulation, custody, disclosure, retail risks and cross-border cooperation. IOSCO recommendations are not self-executing domestic law — implementation depends on member regulators in their respective jurisdictions.